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Vasectomy efficacy
Vasectomy is a highly effective contraceptive method, but it is not perfect. If its reported success rate is up to 99.8%, it varies and may decline depending on the occlusion technique used.
The truth is the man does not become sterile immediately after a vasectomy. This is the reason for a semen analysis is needed to confirm the lock of spermatozoids. Indeed, the man and his partner must continue to use a contraceptive method if they want to avoid pregnancy until all spermatozoids in the vas deferens die or are ejaculated. Statistics say that in the United States, approximately 50% of pregnancies after a vasectomy are due to unprotected sex immediately after the operation and in developing countries, mostly due to early recanalization (reversible vasectomy after the semen analysis has established infertility).
According to some sources, after the vasectomy is performed, the next 15 - 20 ejaculation are still fertile. A study targeting the question concluded that time left is more important that number of ejaculations and recommends up to 12 weeks of contraceptive methods use. If from some reason a semen analysis is not always possible, the World Health Organization currently recommends to wait three months before partners can consider vasectomy as a contraceptive method.
Normally, the man who had a vasectomy must to present one or two sperm samples for laboratory analysis in order to have the confirmation of absence of spermatozoids in motile sperm or less than 100 000 non-motile spermatozoids/mL. Based of test results only the surgeon can decide the full success of the vasectomy.
After a successful vasectomy, the spermatozoids continue to be produced, but they degenerate and are absorbed in the body.
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